SMOG DIGEST ARCHIVES

SMOG DIGEST
September – October 2003
 

The month witnessed some action on vehicular pollution in India. Vehicle technology and fuel quality standards have begun to hog media attention once again as the Cabinet has now cleared Auto Fuel Policy.

The draft notification issued by the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways announcing new norms for in-use vehicles came in for a lot of criticism. There are disparate local action in many cities with regard to in-use vehicles and local transportation.

The bio-fuel sector was in the limelight again, expectedly so. The bio-diesel initiatives got a boost when Minister of State for Petroleum and Natural Gas, announced that government is aiming at 20 per cent blending of bio-diesel with diesel by 2012.

These are the snapshots from our Smog Digest – a news service on vehicular pollution based on news clippings selected from 65 leading Indian newspapers and newsmagazine every month.

Read on …

 
Air Pollution in cities

Delhi: Noida air pollution exceeds limits:
The respirable suspended particulate matter (RSPM) level in the ambient air in Noida is far higher than the permitted level. At Noida’s only permanent ambient air quality monitoring station at G Block in Sector 6, the amount of RSPM recorded this year on an average has exceeded the maximum acceptable limit for an industrial area — 200 microgram per cubic metre. Although the area is primarily industrial, some residential areas of east Delhi and Noida surround it.
Source: The Times of India, New Delhi, 03/09/2003

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Vehicle technology, fuel quality and emissions standards

Cabinet okay’s auto fuel policy:
The Union Cabinet on Friday cleared the auto fuel policy for the country based on the recommendations of the Dr RA Mashelkar Committee. The panel had formulated a roadmap for vehicular emission norms (Bharat 11) to be effective from April 1, ’05 and Euro III to come into effect from April 1, '10. The auto fuel policy, apart from stressing the development of alternative fuels and alternative technologies, has some recommendations that can become controversial. The finance ministry has not supported the fiscal concessions asked for to make new fuels and technologies viable. The Centre on Monday asked public sector units, particularly oil refineries, to invest Rs 40,000 crore until 2010 to help implement fuel quality. The auto sector too has been asked to spend Rs 25,000 crore for the same purpose with no change in deadline.
Source: The Economic Times, 04/10/03 and The Pioneer, 07/10/03


Want clean air? Take a deep breath, hold it:

Because the roadmap, which the Supreme Court endorsed last year, promising relief for cities across the country and setting deadlines for greener fuel and greener vehicles is under serious threat. The Cabinet had approved the roadmap, prepared by a panel headed by CSIR chief R A Mashelkar. But now three Ministries, Surface Transport, Petroleum and Finance have all got together to suggest ''changes'' in key elements of this roadmap. Because three Ministries have got together to run over the roadmap which Supreme Court endorsed to clean your city's air. They want deadlines pushed back, standards brought down. Each ministry has its own reasons but taken together, these allow trucks and buses to pollute longer; deter introduction of greener fuels. And delay the setting up of an enforcement agency mandated by the court.
Source: The Indian Express, New Delhi, 28/09/2003

Mico unveils spark plugs for CNG vehicles:
Bosch group member Mico today launched spark plugs exclusively designed for CNG vehicles and said it aims 15 per cent rise in sales turnover this year. Last year the company posted a turnover of Rs 1,650 crore which should go up by Rs 15 per cent during 2003-04 as a result of growing sales in the after market which constitutes 70 per cent of Mico’s sales.
Source: The Tribune, New Delhi, 16/09/2002

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Alternative fuels

Bio-fuels
‘Every effort must be made to use bio-fuels’: Considering the constantly depleting resource of petroleum and its increasing rate of consumption, a seminar was organised, where the use of "Bio-Fuel" as a substitute for conventional energy was discussed. Speaking on the occasion, Union Minister of Agriculture, Rajnath Singh said, "Energy crisis is one of the biggest crisis in the world and we should take every effort to use Bio-fuel as a substitute of the petroleum". He further said that, as America is known for Nuclear energy, similarly India would be considered as a major source of Bio-fuel in the 21st Century. The seminar was organized by an NGO Panchtatva Garima foundation. The subject of the debate was "Energy Challenges of 21st century: Is bio-fuel a solution?"
Source: The Pioneer, New Delhi, 03/09/2003

Bangalore: CM’s ‘green’ gift for vehicle-owners:
A more environment-friendly fuel, a mixture of five percent ethanol and petrol, will be made available in the city by the end of the month. Chief Minister S.M. Krishna announced this during the inauguration of a two-day workshop on "Scientific strategies for production of non-edible oils’’. ‘‘Five percent ethanol-blended petrol will be introduced in seven districts including Bangalore, by the end of September 2003," the CM said in his speech that was read out by Minister for Environment and Ecology Allum Veerabhadrappa. The government is reportedly thinking about bringing excise fee down to 50 paise a litre and it has also constituted a coordination committee, under the chairman of additional chief secretary and development commissioner, to look into the development of bio-fuel in the state. Environmental activists and scientists felt more efforts needed to be put in to popularize non-edible oils as fuel.
Source: the New Indian Express, Bangalore, 07/09/2003

Ethanol/Bio-diesel
Government aims at 20% blending of bio-diesel with diesel by 2012- Mahajan
Smt. Sumitra Mahajan, Minister of State for Petroleum and Natural Gas informed here today that in order to supplement availability of hydro-carbons in the country, Government aims at commencing implementation of blending bio-diesel with the diesel up to 20% by the year 2011-12. Speaking at a Seminar on "Energy Challenges of 21st Century: Is Bio-fuel A Solution?" Smt. Mahajan said that there would be a greater emphasis on producing bio-diesel from non-edible plants as the edible oil in India is in short supply. For producing bio-diesel mainly the plants like neem, mahua, karanja, kusum, jatropa etc. can be grown. Plants like jatropa have a characteristic of growing in areas with scarcity of water, deserts and in wasteland.
Source: Press Information Bureau, 02/09/03

Ethanol-blended petrol extended to Uttaranchal and Madhya Pradesh:
The government has decided to launch ethanol-blended petrol in Madhya Pradesh and Uttaranchal with effect from January 1, 2004. The ethanol supplies to these States would be made from the neighbouring States of Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh till the ethanol-petrol blending projects are set up in the respective States. Talking to the media, Petroleum Minister Ram Naik said that the States of Goa, Haryana, Maharashtra and Punjab and the Union Territories (UTs) of Chandigarh and Dadra & Nagar-Haveli have been now fully covered by the supply of ethanol-blended petrol as on September 30, 2003. Most of the districts of Karnataka, Gujarat and Andhra Pradesh have also been fully covered. Naik also announced that the mandatory sale time schedule is being extended.
Source: The Indian Express, New Delhi, 02/10/2003

Haryana & Punjab to sell green fuel from today:
Come October 1, ethanol blended petrol would be on sale in Punjab and Haryana. The two states would be joining UP and Maharashtra, which have been offering the eco friendly fuel for the past couple of months. This means that out of nine states cleared by the Centre to kickstart marketing of petrol, blended with 5 per cent ethanol, only four states are in a position to offer the eco-friendly fuel in the first phase. Originally, the Centre had a plan to launch ethanol-blended petrol in January 30 in nine states and four union territories. Since none of them could organize themselves to meet the deadline, it was extended to July 30 and again to September 30. Earlier according to Mr B.K. Chaturvedi, Secretary, Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, it was announced that the States and UTs, which will start using ethanol-blended motor spirit, from September 30 include Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Haryana, Punjab, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Daman and Diu and Chandigarh, among others.
Source: The Economic Times, New Delhi, 01/10/2003 and Business Line, New Delhi, 04/09/2003

Bangalore: Honge oil to replace diesel in five BMTC buses:
To bring down pollution levels, especially in urban centres, the Karnataka State government is all set to introduce bio-fuels in the State including blending of five per cent of ethanol, obtained from sugar molasses and the substitution of honge oil for diesel, said Mr Vijay Gore, Additional Chief Secretary, Development Commissioner and Agricultural Production Commissioner. Speaking to reporters after a meeting with Indian Oil Corporation and BMTC officials, he said sugar mills in Karnataka can produce 340 lakh litres of ethanol, but the production can go up considerably to enable blending of up to 20 per cent of ethanol in petrol. The Energy Management and Policy Research Institute (EMPRI) will study and submit a report on the economic viability of this bio-fuel and the benefits to agriculturists who want to take it up as a crop.
Source: Deccan Herald, Bangalore, 03/09/2003

Ahmedabad: State promotes ‘ratanjot’ oil as ‘bio-diesel’:
The Gujarat State Forest Department has recommended the exploitation of various species of trees to produce bio-fuel. A department spokesman said that ‘bio-diesel’ is a possible alternative keeping in view the rising demand for crude oil. ‘Bio-diesel’ is obtained from the seeds of various trees, including ‘ratanjot’ (jatropha), ‘karanj’ and ‘mahua’. These species can be easily grown and crude oil obtained from their seeds can be used as engine fuel. Of these trees, ‘ratanjot’ is the most important one and its seeds can be used to produce bio-diesel. The forest department has prepared a project report for the implementation of a ‘bio-diesel’ programme and submitted it to the National Oilseed and Vegetable Oil Development Board, Gurgaon, which works under the Union Agriculture Ministry.
Source: The Times of India, Ahmedabad, 16/09/2003

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CNG

Delhi: City’s suburbs may also get CNG stations:
The Indraprastha Gas Limited (IGL) will now take the green fuel — Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) to Delhi’s neighbouring states. According to the managing director of IGL, A K De the organisation is conducting a feasibility study on setting up CNG stations in Noida, Greater Noida and Ghaziabad. "It is in the initial stages, but we have been studying the situation," he said. The setting up of CNG stations in Delhi’s eastern suburbs was thought of because of the large number of buses and auto rickshaws that ferry passengers to these satellite townships. These vehicles had to come back to the city limits to get CNG fuel.
Source: The Times of India, New Delhi, 01/10/2003

Delhi: CNG quota restoration for all unlikely:
The Supreme Court has ruled that industries, which do not have firm allocations of compressed natural gas (CNG) but only tentative allotments or "fallback" cannot claim to get the gas as a matter of right. A large number of industries around Delhi will thus be deprived of the clean fuel, which is given on a priority basis to the transport and power sectors, and then to public sector undertakings. These industries intervened in petitions moved by Essar Steel Ltd and Reliance Industries, which complained that their firm allotments had been cut by one-third to half. They alleged discrimination.
Source: Business Standard, New Delhi, 29/09/2003

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Near zero emissions

Delhi: Modalities for battery-operated buses discussed:
The Delhi Transport Corporation discussed the modalities of introducing battery operated buses in the Walled City with the Union Minister of State for Sports, Mr Vijay Goel. He told the Transport Minister in the Government of NCT of Delhi, Mr Ajay Maken that Rs 30 lakh had been sanctioned from his Member of Parliament Local Area Development Scheme for plying 10 such buses.
Source: The Tribune, New Delhi, 06/09/2003

Govt, Indian Oil back oil-from-plastic project:
A petroleum ministry committee and Indian Oil Corporation are examining if an Indian scientist’s research is technologically and commercially viable. If the answer is yes, Professor Alka Zadgaonkar’s work could become the precursor to large-scale conversion of one of the most hazardous and non-biodegradable wastes into one, which is most precious of commodities. She says even if 30 per cent of the daily plastic waste is converted, 2.5 million litres of petrol can be produced. She says, her laboratory research has shown that 10 kg of plastic can produce approximately 10 litres of petrol, two litres of diesel, 1.5 kg of LPG, 500g of coke and a few grams of mobil oil.
Source: The Statesman, New Delhi, 08/09/2003

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In-use vehicles

Centre’s draft PUC norms in for criticism:
Criticizing a draft notification issued by the Union ministry of road transport and highways, which proposes certain changes in the Central Motor Vehicles Rules, 1989, under the pollution under control scheme, the Centre for Science and Environment today alleged that the proposals failed to address "diesel-run vehicles- an enormous source of particulate emissions." The gazette notification that was issued on 30 July 2003 by the ministry is to take effect from October 2004. According to CSE there is no significant effort by the government "to modify the standards or the current procedures of the free acceleration smoke test for diesel-run vehicles."
Source: The Statesman, New Delhi, 06/09/2003

Watchdog wants fewer 2-stroke vehicles in war against pollution:
In what might be the next step to fighting pollution in Delhi, the Environment Pollution (Prevention and Control) Authority (EPCA) has asked the Supreme Court to direct the Union Transport Ministry to frame policies to reduce the number of personal vehicles in the city, especially two-wheelers. According to the EPCA, pollution problems arising out of two-wheelers are unique in Asian countries as in Europe and the United States there are not as many two-wheelers. Two-wheelers in the National Capital Region are largely two-stroke and thus one of the major pollutants of the city. The reports ask for immediate introduction of periodic taxes on two-wheelers that will make ownership and usage of old vehicles more expensive.
Source: The Hindustan Times, New Delhi, 12/09/2003

Indore: Banned tempos to get plying permits:
Instead of banning tempos, which are responsible for major pollution, the Madhya Pradesh state government has chosen to encourage them. Under the pressure of some local Congress leaders in view of the forthcoming elections, the government released an order of 50 new permits. Atleast 80 new permits for nagar sevas have already been issued, including which, the transport department has issued 385 permits. However the case of issuing new permits was cancelled twice amidst opposition in the district administration. As a result some Congress leaders got orders from Bhopal directly, to issue out of city permits.
Source: Free Press, Indore, 14/09/2003

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Transportation and traffic

Konkan:
KRCL ropes in German firm to certify sky bus system: With not much help forthcoming in the country for testing its sky bus system, Konkan Railway Corporation (KRCL) has roped in German agency TUV InterTraffic GmbH for certifying the system. The corporation has also asked the various state governments to enact a Sky Bus Metro Act so that the systems when introduced will need to get safety clearance from a sky bus safety commissioner and not the Railway safety commissioner. TUV will be assessing the maturity for safe application of Konan’s sky bus metro system. TUV is involved with verifying all safety related aspects of the relevant sub-system like guideway, bogies, traction, train control as well as fire protection and emergency evacuation concepts.
Source: The Financial Express, New Delhi, 09/09/2003

Car sales slow down in Aug, exports zip ahead:
After five consecutive months of double-digit sales (following the excise cut in the Union Budget), car sales climbed a modest 6.7% in August 2003. While Hyundai and Tata Motors saw an improved performance in the month, market leader - Maruti Udyog - saw a marginal decline in sales, partly as a result of the company’s production getting affected due to a vendor strike in the month. Total domestic cars sales climbed to 53,177 units in August 2003 from 49,828 units in the same month last year, data released by the Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers (SIAM) showed. Meanwhile the passenger car exports saw an overall growth of 69.7 per cent at 43,988 units in the first five months this fiscal against 25,906 units in the same period last fiscal.
Source: Business Line, New Delhi, 16/09/2003 and The Pioneer, New Delhi, 18/09/2003

Auto sector told to be prepared for FTA:
The domestic automobile industry would have to prepare itself before the free trade agreement (FTA) with the South-East Asian countries comes into effect, the Economic Adviser to the Prime Minister, Dr S. Narayan, said. "Tariffs will come down and the FTA is likely to come into force in the next five to seven years. The Indian automobile industry has come a long way, but it is time to take note of the challenges ahead," he said, while addressing the annual convention of the Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers (SIAM). He assured the automakers on reduction in excise duty. The domestic two-wheeler industry, he said, was doing very well and the same success story must be replicated in the passenger car category and ancillary business as well. Meanwhile the government will set up a committee for formulating an integrated transport policy for optimising the growth of the automobile sector.
Source:
Business Line, New Delhi, 04/09/2003 and The Indian Express, New Delhi, 04/09/2003

Hyundai prepares diesel Santro for India:
Hyundai is planning to introduce a 1.1 litre CRDi diesel heart on the Santro as part of its plans to take on the might of Palio and Indica. The engine is under development in Korea by Hyundai’s subsidiary Kia Motors. Officials also pointed out that the South Korean parent would also look at making India the base for its next hatchback Getz.
Source: The times of India, New Delhi, 15/09/2003

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National and local policy initiatives

Kolkata:
Emission test centres to require PCB nod: Vehicle owners in the Kolkata city have always found it easy to get a Pollution Under Control Certificate from a testing centre by shelling out a meagre Rs 30 extra. The pollution control board has now woken from its slumber and decided to take matters in its own hands. A recent survey conducted by PCB team has reaffirmed that most auto emission testing centers in the city are farce. The PCB’s move is directed towards stricter implementation of Euro II emissions standards in Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority areas by the 3 April 2004 deadline.
Source: The Statesman, Kolkata, 15/09/2003

Lucknow: Task force set up to check pollution:
Divisional Commissioner DC Lakha on Thursday constituted a six-member task force for implementation of an action plan to check pollution in Lucknow. The task force that would be headed by district magistrate would give its suggestions on reasons behind increase in air pollution in the city and measures to check it. As per Supreme Court directives, an action plan was chalked out by the Pollution Control Board to check pollution levels in four cities of the state including Lucknow, Kanpur, Agra and Varanasi. The CPCB suggested that an inter-agency task force be constituted to look after the activities related to the implementation of the action plan for controlling air pollution in the state capital.
Source: The Pioneer, Lucknow, 05/09/2003

Bangalore: Pollution Board invites citizens to help clean up air:
Instead of just cursing authorities for increasing air pollution levels in the city, Bangaloreans can now do their bit by putting in suggestions to the Karnataka Pollution Control Board (KSPCB) on how to set things right. ''We will try to implement the best suggestions and consider them while preparing a report on proposed measures,'' KSPCB chairman J. Alexander told. The Board is now busy preparing a report to be submitted to the Centre before September 25, following the Supreme Court's observations on the alarming increase in pollution levels in five cities, including Bangalore. There are 11 lakh two-wheelers in the city out of a total vehicle population of 17 lakh. Some 60,000 autos ply in the city. The transport department on their part has launched a massive drive against vehicles failing to adhere to emission testing norms.
Source: The New Indian Express, Bangalore, 18/09/2003

Bangalore: Transport wing swoops down on emission testing centres:
After a meticulous scan, transport department officials swooped down on nine emission testing centres and a driving school in Bangalore city for flouting traffic norms. While the license of an emission-testing centre and a driving school has been cancelled, officials have decided to issue showcause notices to eight other centres. If the centres fail to rectify the irregularities even after issuance of notices, action will be taken against them. All the five Regional Transport Offices (RTO) in the city have launched the drive to ensure that emission testing centers and driving schools follow the rules.
Source: The New Indian Express, Bangalore, 03/09/2003

Delhi: Tax slash likely to net more private taxis:
Delhi has only 3,530 black yellow taxis, and another 700 odd commercial taxis duly registered. However, according to unofficial records there are thousands of private unregistered ones plying in the city. In a bid to bring these in the official net, transport minister Ajay Maken intends to slash the tax on commercial vehicles by 80 per cent. The move was initiated as it was losing lot of revenue from vehicles that were sporting private registration numbers or tourist vehicles bearing All India Tourist Permit registration numbers of neighbouring states. According to the note circulated in the transport department, the loss due to the reduction in motor vehicle tax will be made up by the increase in the number of legitimate city taxis.
Source: The Times of India, New Delhi, 05/09/2003

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Court Action

SC fines states for not clearing air on queries:
The Supreme Court took serious note of 10 states neglecting its orders regarding inclusion of environment in the school syllabus and asked them pay a fine of Rs 15,000 each within a month. A Bench of Justices N Santosh Hegde and B P Singh imposed the fine on the governments of Maharashtra, Rajasthan, West Bengal, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Assam, Goa, Jammu and Kashmir, Jharkhand and Arunachal Pradesh. On July 21, the court had issued notices to the states, Union territories and apex education bodies responsible for prescribing the syllabus throughout the country. It was in November 22, 1991 that the court had asked every state government to make environment a compulsory subject in all schools and colleges. The court had directed compliance with the order by the academic year 1992-93.
Source: The Times of India, New Delhi, 23/09/2003

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Adulteration

Why don’t they buy diesel?:
In April-July 2003, diesel consumption slumped by about 6 per cent to 12.1 mt, compared to the same period of 2002. Various factors have combined to push the fuel off the consumer radar and the worst affected seems to be the Union and state governments, losing over Rs 2000 crore every year in taxes and duties. The fall in diesel sales can be partially explained by its substitution with cheaper imported and PDS Kerosene.
Source: Outlook, New Delhi, 08/09/2003

Spurious diesel racket busted:
A police team busted a racket manufacturing and selling spurious diesel and seized 50,000 litres of fake diesel and lubricants, besides manufacturing equipment. The Modinagar unit was reportedly manufacturing 1.5 lakh litres of spurious diesel, every month. The racket has been operating for about two years. Attempts are on to identify the drivers of the oil tankers the trio were allegedly using to supply the spurious diesel to retail oil outlets.
Source: The Times of India, New Delhi, 22/09/2003

 

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South Asia

Bhutan to import superior quality diesel:
The National environment commission (Bhutan) with the Ministry of Trade and Industry (MTI) is planning to take cleaner air pursuit a step further -replacing the normal diesel fuel used in motor vehicles with 'ultra low sulphur high speed diesel' (ULS HSD). Negotiations with the Indian Oil Company, Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL), dealer for the fuel, are complete and trade ministry now awaits the formal nod from the government. Although Bhutan had established the vehicular emission standards beginning this year, its enforcement entailed difficulty because of the low quality fuel available, especially diesel, and the absence of "qualified automobile workshops."
Source: Kuensel, Bhutan, 30/08/2003

Bangladesh: 30 more CNG filling stations in city by Dec:
Some 30 more Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) filling stations would be put in place in Dhaka city by next December. These will be in addition to the 22 existing ones, State Minster for Energy and Mineral Resources AKM Mosharraf Hossain said while inaugurating a new CNG filling station in the city's Mirpur area. The government has already declared CNG as a "thrust sector" and to exempt duty on the import of CNG machinery and kits.
Source: The Bangladesh Observer, Dhaka, 26/08/2003

Body set up to finalize plan: Plying of CNG buses in Capital:
The deputy commissioner, Tariq Mehmood Pirzada, (Pakistan) formed a committee to finalize the plan of introducing CNG-fitted buses in the capital. The committee will comprise secretary, Islamabad Traffic Authority (ITA), Rana Akbar Hayat, SP Traffic Zubair Hashmi and the CDA director roads. The body was formed after a briefing given by a private firm, which intended to launch a new bus service with 25 CNG-fitted vehicles. Owners of old and outdated transport vehicles had been given a deadline of September 30 to replace their vehicles. A Chinese private company has offered to ply CNG-fitted air-conditioned metro buses in the federal capital.
Source: Dawn (Internet), Pakistan, 25/09/2003

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