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The
Indo-Gangetic Plains
is the most important zone in terms of human concentration
in India. It is a vast enclosed basin of numerous small and
large rivers, separated by alluvial divides. The western section,
comprising Punjab, Haryana, Chandigarh, Delhi and western Uttar
Pradesh, is slightly higher in elevation, over 150 metres (m)
than the eastern section of the plain. Geologically, the whole
region is made up of alluvium brought down by the Himalayan
rivers.
Agriculturally, the most important region is the Punjab plain.
Generally, the soils of the region are alluvial with variations
of bangar and khadar. The Haryana plain, which also includes
Delhi, has soils which are mostly sandy and calcareous.
The Upper Ganga plain is a vast stretch of the Indo-Gangetic
Plains, where the rivers play an important role and have a
definite influence over the area. In general, the soil of
the region is alluvial but variations exist in the upland
and lowland areas. The Middle Ganga plain is the transitional
zone between the Upper Ganga plain and the Lower Ganga plain.
The Lower Ganga plain extends over Bihar and West Bengal and
has a higher rainfall. It has an elevation below 75 m, and
has been divided into six micro-regions: north Bihar plain,
south Bihar plain, Barind tract, Moribund delta, Proper delta
and the Rarh plain.
Find more about
Techniques prevalent in this region
- Traditional
- Contemporary
People
who harvest rain
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